Ibirahuri bipfunyika byoherezwa hanze & byinshi byohereza ibicuruzwa: Gupakira, kugenzura ibyangiritse hamwe ninama 

Ibisobanuro: Ubuyobozi bw'umwuga kubatumiza ibicuruzwa byinshi mubipfunyika bipfundikiriye ibirahure, kwirinda ibyangiritse, ubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja / ikirere hamwe ninama za gasutamo iyo biva mubushinwa.

Impamvu Gupakira neza Nibyingenzi Kubirahuri Byinshi Byoherejwe

Ibipfundikizo by'ibirahure biri mubintu byinshi bishobora guhungabana mu kohereza ibikoresho byo mu gikoni.

Ndetse ikirahuri gisanzwe kirashobora gucika, gukata cyangwa kumeneka munsi yinyeganyeza inshuro nyinshi, umuvuduko wubushyuhe hamwe nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe mugihe cyinyanja ndende cyangwa ikirere.

Igipfundikizo kimwe kimenetse mu ikarito kirashobora gushushanya byoroshye cyangwa kwangiza ikindi gice cyose gipakiye hafi, bigahindura ikibazo gito cyiza muburyo bwo gutakaza ibicuruzwa bihenze.

Kubatumiza mu mahanga, gupakira nabi ntibitera gusa imyanda y'ibicuruzwa.

Iratanga kandi amafaranga yinyongera kubisabwa byo gusimbuza, kongera kohereza byihutirwa no kwinubira abakiriya byangiza umubano wigihe kirekire wo kugurisha no kugabura.

Niyo mpanvu ibirahuri byizewe byohereza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa hanze bitigera bifatwa nkigitekerezo cyatanzwe nababitanga babimenyereye, ariko byakozwe mubice bigize gahunda yo gushakisha no gutanga.

Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bipakurura ibisubizo byubwoko butandukanye bw'ikirahure

Nta gishushanyo mbonera cyuzuye cyo gupakira ibintu byose byateganijwe.

Igisubizo gikwiye giterwa nubunini bwumupfundikizo, ibikoresho, ingano yububiko nuburyo ibice bizongera kugurishwa muburyo butaziguye kugirango abakiriya barangire cyangwa basubizwe mu karere.

Gupfunyika ifuro kugiti cyawe + agasanduku k'imbere gupakira ikirahuri kimwe

Kubito bito n'ibiciriritse hamwe no kugurisha-byateguwe, ibyakoreshejwe cyane murwego rwibanze ni ukuzingira.

Buri gipfundikizo cyikirahure kibanza gutandukanywa nigice cyokwirinda ifuro cyangwa ibibyimba byinshi, birinda guterana hejuru kandi bikagira ingaruka nke mugihe cyo kubikora.

Ku gipfundikizo cya silicone, ibyuma bidafite ingese cyangwa ibikoresho byuma, birasabwa cyane kurinda inkombe.

Ibice bikomeye nka knobs birashobora gukanda byoroshye mugipfunyika cyoroshye kandi ugasiga ibimenyetso byumuvuduko hejuru yikirahure cyegeranye niba bidatandukanijwe neza.

Nyuma yo gupfunyika kugiti cye, buri gice gishyirwa mumasanduku yabugenewe itanga inkunga ihagije kugirango wirinde guhinduka kuruhande.

Ikarito yo hanze hamwe na palletizing ibipimo byuzuye imitwaro yuzuye

Iyo ingano yubunini igeze kuri 20ft cyangwa 40ft yuzuye, ubwiza bwikarito yo hanze hamwe na palletizing biba ibintu byingenzi bigenzura ibyangiritse.

Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga-byikarito ikarito ikarito yikarito ninganda zinganda, hamwe nimbaraga zo gutondekanya zibarwa kugirango zihangane byibuze ibice bine byamakarito asa ashyizwe hejuru nta guhindagurika guhoraho.

Ubusanzwe ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga bikozwe mu biti bikomeye cyangwa pani yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, kandi bigomba kubahiriza ibisabwa na ISPM 15 bisabwa mu kohereza ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga.

Amakarito yose agomba guhuzwa neza kuri pallet, nta mpande zirenga zishobora gukubitwa na forklifts cyangwa indi mizigo mugihe cyo gupakira.

Ongeraho plastike irinda impande zose za pallet bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kwinkombe.

Amahitamo yo gupakira kubicuruzwa byanditseho ibicuruzwa

Kubatumiza mu mahanga bagurisha ibirahuri by'ibirahuri munsi yikimenyetso cyabo, gupakira akenshi bikenera kuringaniza uburinzi hamwe nubujurire.

Amahitamo asanzwe arimo amabara yacapishijwe agasanduku k'ibicuruzwa, gushyiramo blisteri ifata buri gipfundikizo neza mumwanya, hamwe nibimenyetso byoherejwe hanze byerekana amakuru yikirango, inomero yumubare hamwe no kuburira.

Ni ngombwa kumenya ko gupakira ibintu byinshi bishushanya bitajya bingana kurinda neza.

Udusanduku twinshi twanditseho udusanduku tworoheje kuruta amakarito asanzwe yoherezwa mu mahanga, bityo abatanga ibicuruzwa bakongeraho ikindi cyiciro cyikarito yo hanze hanze yububiko bwo kugurisha ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga.

Ubu buryo bwo kwerekana ibicuruzwa buguma busukuye kandi butarangiritse mugihe ibicuruzwa bigeze mububiko bwerekanwe.

Uburyo Buhamye bwo Kugabanya Ikirahuri Gipfunyika Igipimo Mugihe cyo Gutambuka

Ndetse hamwe nibipfunyika bisanzwe, abatumiza ibicuruzwa benshi baracyafite ibibazo bitunguranye mubyoherejwe.

Byinshi muribi bibazo birashobora kwirindwa mugukurikiza ingamba nyinshi zagaragaye zo kuyobora ibicuruzwa byohereza ibirahuri byohereza ibicuruzwa hanze mubisanzwe.

• Hitamo umubyimba ukwiye ukurikije uburemere bw'ipfundikizo. Ibipfundikizo byikirahure binini kandi biremereye bisaba byibura 3mm cyangwa irenga yubucucike bwinshi bwa fumu ikikije impande.
• Kureka umwanya wubusa muri buri karito. Ntukuzuze amakarito kugeza aho impande zishira hejuru yigitutu. Umubare muto wuzuye wuzuye urashobora gukurura vibrasiya aho kuyimurira mubirahure.
• Ongeraho ibimenyetso bisobanutse "Fragile" na "Ntugashyire" ibicuruzwa byoherejwe kuri karito yose yo hanze. Ibi bifasha amatsinda yububiko hamwe nicyambu gutondekanya imizigo ahantu heza imbere muri kontineri.
• Kora ikizamini cyo guta mbere yo gupakira. Ikizamini cyoroshye kuva kuri 80cm z'uburebure kugera hasi birashobora kwerekana byihuse niba igishushanyo mbonera gishobora gupakira ibikoresho bisanzwe.

Muri icyo gihe, hari amakosa atatu asanzwe yo gupakira ibintu byinshi abatumiza mu mahanga benshi birengagiza: gukoresha amakarito asanzwe aho gukoresha ibicuruzwa byoherejwe mu mahanga, gushyira ibirahuri by'ibirahuri munsi yikintu munsi yizindi mizigo iremereye, no gusimbuka kurinda ifuro kugirango ugabanye ibiciro byo gupakira.

Aya makosa yose arashobora gutuma izamuka rikabije ryikigereranyo cya nyuma.

Kubicungwa neza byuzuye kontineri yuzuye ibirahuri byoherejwe byoherezwa hanze bikurikiza aya mategeko yose yo kurinda, igipimo cy’inganda gisanzwe gishobora kugenzurwa munsi ya 0.5%.

Ibi biri hasi cyane ya 2% kugeza 5% igipimo cyo kumeneka benshi mubatumiza hanze bashya mugihe bakoresha ibikoresho rusange byo mu gikoni bidafite igishushanyo mbonera cyo kurinda ibirahuri.

Ubwikorezi bwo mu nyanja vs Ubwikorezi bwo mu kirere: Hitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kohereza ibicuruzwa byateganijwe

Guhitamo imizigo yo mu nyanja hamwe n’imizigo yo mu kirere kubyoherezwa mu kirahure ntabwo ari ibiciro gusa.

Ihindura kandi igihe cyo gutambuka, ibyago byo kumeneka hamwe na gahunda yo kubara muri rusange kubucuruzi bwawe bwo kugabura.

Igiciro nigihe cyo gutambuka kugereranya kubunini butandukanye

Kubintu byinshi byateganijwe hejuru yibice 5000, imizigo yo mu nyanja hafi ya yose ihitamo neza.

Nubwo igihe cyo gutambuka kiva ku byambu bikomeye by’Ubushinwa kugera mu bihugu byinshi by’Uburayi n’Amajyaruguru y’Amerika y'Amajyaruguru bikunze kuva ku minsi 18 kugeza kuri 35, igiciro cyo gutwara abantu kiri hasi cyane ugereranije n’imizigo yo mu kirere, bityo bikaba byiza ko byuzuzwa buri gihe.

Kubicuruzwa bito byikigereranyo, gusubiramo byihutirwa cyangwa kubarura ibihe byigihe, ibicuruzwa byo mu kirere birashobora kuba amahitamo meza.

Igihe gito cyo gutambuka kigabanya umubare wogukwirakwiza no guhindagurika kwizunguruka yikirahure cyibirahure, rimwe na rimwe bikavamo no kugabanuka kwanyuma kurenza urugendo rurerure rwo mu nyanja.

Ibyingenzi byingenzi kuri LCL na FCL ibirahuri byoherejwe

Kurenza ibintu bitwara ibintu (LCL) byoherejwe nibisanzwe mugice giciriritse, ariko kandi bizana ibyago byinyongera.

Mubikoresho bisangiwe, amakarito yipfundikizo yikirahure arashobora gushyirwa kuruhande rwibyuma biremereye, ibikoresho bikarishye cyangwa indi mizigo ishobora guhinduka kandi igatera ingaruka mugihe cyurugendo.

Niba uhisemo LCL, birasabwa cyane gushimangira pallets yawe hamwe na firime irambuye kandi ugaragaze neza ko imizigo yoroshye.

Ibikoresho byuzuye (FCL) byoherejwe biguha kugenzura byimazeyo uburyo ibirahuri byikirahure bitunganijwe kandi bigashyirwa imbere muri kontineri.

Nta ngaruka z’ibindi bicuruzwa bitwara ibicuruzwa byangiza ububiko bwawe, bigatuma FCL ihitamo kubisanzwe binini byo gukwirakwiza ibirahuri bisanzwe.

Inama za gasutamo zo gutumiza ibirahuri by'ibirahuri ku masoko atandukanye

Gasutamo ya gasutamo nintambwe yanyuma yibirahure byoherezwa mubirahure byoherezwa hanze, kandi kubura ibyangombwa bisabwa birashobora gutuma umuntu atinda gutunguranye, amafaranga yo kubika menshi cyangwa ndetse no gutwara imizigo ku cyambu.

Bitandukanye n’ibikoresho rusange byo mu gikoni bidakomeye, kohereza ibirahuri byikirahure rimwe na rimwe bigaragazwa nkibicuruzwa byoroshye bishobora kugerwaho n’ubuyobozi bwa gasutamo mu turere tumwe na tumwe, bishobora gutera ubugenzuzi bw’intoki.

Ku masoko menshi akomeye, ibirahuri byikirahure byibikoresho byo guteka bigwa munsi yigiciro rusange cyibiciro byigikoni.

Nyamara, abatumiza ibicuruzwa bakeneye kwitondera cyane ibyangombwa byumutekano wibiryo.

Amasoko nk’Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, Amerika ndetse n’utundi turere twinshi twateye imbere bisaba abayitanga gutanga raporo zemewe zerekana ko ikirahure, uruziga rwa silicone hamwe n’ibikoresho byose by’icyuma byubahiriza amabwiriza yo guhuza ibiryo byaho.

Mbere yo koherezwa, emeza hamwe nuwaguhaye isoko ko ibisobanuro byose byibicuruzwa, ibimenyetso bipakira hamwe namakuru ya fagitire bihuye.

Amazina y'ibicuruzwa bidahuye cyangwa imenyekanisha ridasobanutse ni imwe mu mpamvu zikunze gutuma ubugenzuzi bwa gasutamo butinda kohereza ibirahuri.

Niba ushaka ubundi buyobozi muguhitamo abatanga ibyangombwa bakurikiza ibi bipfunyika bikabije no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, urashobora kwifashisha ubuyobozi bwuzuye bwo gutoranya ibicuruzwa kubirahure byikirahure.

Ni ikihe gipimo gisanzwe cyo kumeneka kubirahuri byinshi byoherejwe?

Hamwe nogukwirakwiza ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga hamwe nu mutwaro wabigize umwuga, abatanga isoko benshi bizewe barashobora kugumana igipimo cyo kumeneka kiri munsi ya 0.5% kubicuruzwa byuzuye.

Iyi shusho ireba gahunda zateguwe neza zoherejwe na FCL hamwe no gupakira neza, kandi ntisobanura igipimo cyateganijwe cyo kumeneka kubice bito bya LCL bitujuje ubuziranenge.

Ibifuniko by'ibirahure birashobora koherezwa hamwe nibindi bikoresho byo mu gikoni bitoroshye?

Nibyo, ariko birasabwa gushyira ibirahuri bipfundikiriye ibirahuri hejuru yikintu hanyuma ukabitandukanya nibintu biremereye cyangwa bikarishye kugirango wirinde impanuka.

Ni izihe nyandiko zisabwa kugira ngo gasutamo ibirahure?

Inyandiko zisanzwe zirimo fagitire yubucuruzi, urutonde rwabapakira hamwe na fagitire yinguzanyo.

Ku isoko ry’Amerika, raporo y'ibizamini byo guhuza ibiryo FDA irasabwa; ku masoko y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, LFGB cyangwa ibisa n’ibihugu by’Uburayi ibyangombwa byubahirizwa.